[推荐]使用Linux 文本工具简化数据的提取
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使用Linux 文本工具简化数据的提取
正如您可能已经注意到的一样，输出结果中包含了单词 “these”，还有单词 “the” 的一些精确匹配。
grep 工具，与很多其他 UNIX/Linux 工具一样，都是大小写敏感的，这意味着查找 “The” 和 “the” 会产生完全不同的结果。
# grep The memo
To achieve this goal, we have also organized
the new mass sales group into three distinct
teams reporting to our current sales
directors, Stephen Flemming and Boris Baker. I
have outlined below the national account
managers and their respective accounts in each
of the teams. We have also hired two new
national account managers and a new sales
administrator to complete our account
coverage. They include:
|
如果您想查找一个特定的单词或短语，但却不太关心它们的大小写，那可以使用两种方法。第一种方法是使用方括号同时查找 “The” 和 “the”，如下所示：
# grep "[T, t]he" memo
In order to better serve the needs of our mass
market customers, ABC Publishing is
integrating the groups selling to this channel
for ABC General Reference and ABC Computer
Publishing. This change will allow us to
better coordinate our selling and marketing
efforts, as well as simplify ABC's
relationships with these customers in the
areas of customer service, co-op management,
and credit and collection. Two national
account managers, Ricky Ponting and Greeme
Smith, have joined the sales team as a result
of these changes.
To achieve this goal, we have also organized
the new mass sales group into three distinct
teams reporting to our current sales
directors, Stephen Flemming and Boris Baker. I
have outlined below the national account
managers and their respective accounts in each
of the teams. We have also hired two new
national account managers and a new sales
administrator to complete our account
coverage. They include:
|
第二种方法是使用 -i 选项，这告诉 grep 忽略大小写的敏感性。
# grep -i the memo
In order to better serve the needs of our mass
market customers, ABC Publishing is
integrating the groups selling to this channel
for ABC General Reference and ABC Computer
Publishing. This change will allow us to
better coordinate our selling and marketing
efforts, as well as simplify ABC's
relationships with these customers in the
areas of customer service, co-op management,
and credit and collection. Two national
account managers, Ricky Ponting and Greeme
Smith, have joined the sales team as a result
of these changes.
To achieve this goal, we have also organized
the new mass sales group into three distinct
teams reporting to our current sales
directors, Stephen Flemming and Boris Baker. I
have outlined below the national account
managers and their respective accounts in each
of the teams. We have also hired two new
national account managers and a new sales
administrator to complete our account
coverage. They include:
|
除了 -i 选项之外，还有另外几个命令行选项可以用来改变 grep 的输出结果。最常见的选项如下所示：
-c —— 屏蔽正常输出；相反，打印每个输入文件的匹配行数。
-l —— 屏蔽正常输出；相反，打印包含正常输出内容的每个输入文件的名字。
-n —— 在每行输出前面加上该行在输入文件中的行号作为前缀。
-v —— 将匹配意义进行逆反 —— 即选择那些不 匹配搜索条件的行。
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